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0.2% L-谷氨酰胺替代抗生素对断奶后转运的保育仔猪生长性能和健康的影响
发布单位:凯发平台
查看次数：13048
时间：2019-05-20
Alan W Duttlinger,，Kouassi R Kpodo，Donald C Lay，Jr.，Brian T Richert，Jay S Johnson
翻译：朱滔
美国养猪业中抗生素的使用受到限制。因此本试验的目的在于研究日粮中适宜水平的谷氨酰胺是否可以替代抗生素，促进仔猪断奶和转运后的生长性能和福利。基于前期试验结果，我们假设日粮中停用抗生素会影响仔猪生长，而添加0.2% L-谷氨酰胺会取得和抗生素类似的使用效果。
在2016年夏季和2017年春季在印第安娜州中部试验（2个重复），总计使用480头仔猪在18.4±0.2d断奶（公母混养，5.62±0.06kg），断奶后运输12h。仔猪根据体重分为3个处理组，每组10个重复，每个重复8头。试验处理包括抗生素组（金霉素441ppm和泰妙菌素38.6ppm）、空白对照组、谷氨酰胺组（0.2%），试验日粮共饲喂14d；第15～34d，仔猪饲喂2个阶段的无抗生素日粮。使用SAS9.4的PROC MIXED进行统计分析。
试验数据显示，抗生素组（5.6%、18.5%）和谷氨酰胺组（3.8%、11.4%）14d体重、0～14d日增重显著高于对照组（P=0.01），而这两组之间无显著差异。抗生素组0～14d日采食量显著高于对照组（9.3%，P＜0.04）；谷氨酰胺组与其它两组无显著差异。随着日粮处理的停止，各处理组之间生产性能没有显著差异（P＞0.05）。在第13d，与对照组相比，抗生素组和谷氨酰胺组肿瘤坏死因子α显著降低（36.7±6.9和40.9±6.9 pg/ml VS. 63.2±6.9 pg/ml；P=0.02）。 与抗生素组相比，谷氨酰胺组猪的侵略性行为有减少的趋势（P = 0.09；26.4%）；对照组与抗生素组和谷氨酰胺组之间没有显著差异。春季时仔猪抱团、活动和采食/饮水行为整体高于夏季（P＜0.02；179%、37%和29%）。当以热胴体重为协变量时，春季时眼肌深度和瘦肉率显著高于夏季（P = 0.01；4.0% 和1.1%）。
总之，谷氨酰胺提高了仔猪受断奶应激和运输应激后的生长性能和健康程度，与抗生素组相似；但是，当日粮处理试验停止时，抗生素和谷氨酰胺的作用就消失了。
Replacing dietary antibiotics with 0.20% L-glutamine in swine nursery diets: impact on health and productivity of pigs following weaning and transport
Antibiotic use has been limited in U.S. swine production. Therefore, the objective was to determine whether supplementing L-glutamine at cost-effective levels can replace dietary antibiotics to improve piglet welfare and productivity following weaning and transport. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that withholding dietary antibiotics would negatively affect pigs while diet supplementation with 0.20% L-glutamine (GLN) would have similar effects on pig performance and health as antibiotics. Mixed sex piglets (N = 480; 5.62 ± 0.06 kg BW) were weaned (18.4 ± 0.2 d of age) and transported for 12 h in central Indiana, for 2 replicates, during the summer of 2016 and the spring of 2017. Pigs were blocked by BW and allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments (n = 10 pens/dietary treatment/replicate [8 pigs/pen]); antibiotics (A; chlortetracycline [441 ppm] + tiamulin [38.6 ppm]), no antibiotics (NA), or GLN fed for 14 d. On days 15 to 34, pigs were provided common antibiotic-free diets in 2 phases. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS 9.4. Day 14 BW and days 0 to 14 ADG were greater (P = 0.01) for A (5.6% and 18.5%, respectively) and GLN pigs (3.8% and 11.4%, respectively) compared with NA pigs, with no differences between A and GLN pigs. Days 0 to 14 ADFI increased for A (P < 0.04; 9.3%) compared with NA pigs; however, no differences were detected when comparing GLN with A and NA pigs. Once dietary treatments ceased, no differences (P > 0.05) in productivity between dietary treatments were detected. On day 13, plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was reduced (P = 0.02) in A (36.7 ± 6.9 pg/mL) and GLN pigs (40.9 ± 6.9 pg/mL) vs. NA pigs (63.2 ± 6.9 pg/mL). Aggressive behavior tended to be reduced overall (P = 0.09; 26.4%) in GLN compared with A pigs, but no differences were observed between A and GLN vs. NA pigs. Huddling, active, and eating/drinking behaviors were increased overall (P < 0.02; 179%, 37%, and 29%, respectively) in the spring replicate compared with the summer replicate. When hot carcass weight (HCW) was used as a covariate, loin depth and lean percentage were increased (P = 0.01; 4.0% and 1.1%, respectively) during the spring replicate compared with the summer replicate. In conclusion, GLN supplementation improved pig performance and health after weaning and transport similarly to A across replicates; however, the positive effects of A and GLN were diminished when dietary treatments ceased.
转自公众号：猪营养国际论坛
翻译：朱滔
美国养猪业中抗生素的使用受到限制。因此本试验的目的在于研究日粮中适宜水平的谷氨酰胺是否可以替代抗生素，促进仔猪断奶和转运后的生长性能和福利。基于前期试验结果，我们假设日粮中停用抗生素会影响仔猪生长，而添加0.2% L-谷氨酰胺会取得和抗生素类似的使用效果。
在2016年夏季和2017年春季在印第安娜州中部试验（2个重复），总计使用480头仔猪在18.4±0.2d断奶（公母混养，5.62±0.06kg），断奶后运输12h。仔猪根据体重分为3个处理组，每组10个重复，每个重复8头。试验处理包括抗生素组（金霉素441ppm和泰妙菌素38.6ppm）、空白对照组、谷氨酰胺组（0.2%），试验日粮共饲喂14d；第15～34d，仔猪饲喂2个阶段的无抗生素日粮。使用SAS9.4的PROC MIXED进行统计分析。
试验数据显示，抗生素组（5.6%、18.5%）和谷氨酰胺组（3.8%、11.4%）14d体重、0～14d日增重显著高于对照组（P=0.01），而这两组之间无显著差异。抗生素组0～14d日采食量显著高于对照组（9.3%，P＜0.04）；谷氨酰胺组与其它两组无显著差异。随着日粮处理的停止，各处理组之间生产性能没有显著差异（P＞0.05）。在第13d，与对照组相比，抗生素组和谷氨酰胺组肿瘤坏死因子α显著降低（36.7±6.9和40.9±6.9 pg/ml VS. 63.2±6.9 pg/ml；P=0.02）。 与抗生素组相比，谷氨酰胺组猪的侵略性行为有减少的趋势（P = 0.09；26.4%）；对照组与抗生素组和谷氨酰胺组之间没有显著差异。春季时仔猪抱团、活动和采食/饮水行为整体高于夏季（P＜0.02；179%、37%和29%）。当以热胴体重为协变量时，春季时眼肌深度和瘦肉率显著高于夏季（P = 0.01；4.0% 和1.1%）。
总之，谷氨酰胺提高了仔猪受断奶应激和运输应激后的生长性能和健康程度，与抗生素组相似；但是，当日粮处理试验停止时，抗生素和谷氨酰胺的作用就消失了。
Replacing dietary antibiotics with 0.20% L-glutamine in swine nursery diets: impact on health and productivity of pigs following weaning and transport
Antibiotic use has been limited in U.S. swine production. Therefore, the objective was to determine whether supplementing L-glutamine at cost-effective levels can replace dietary antibiotics to improve piglet welfare and productivity following weaning and transport. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that withholding dietary antibiotics would negatively affect pigs while diet supplementation with 0.20% L-glutamine (GLN) would have similar effects on pig performance and health as antibiotics. Mixed sex piglets (N = 480; 5.62 ± 0.06 kg BW) were weaned (18.4 ± 0.2 d of age) and transported for 12 h in central Indiana, for 2 replicates, during the summer of 2016 and the spring of 2017. Pigs were blocked by BW and allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments (n = 10 pens/dietary treatment/replicate [8 pigs/pen]); antibiotics (A; chlortetracycline [441 ppm] + tiamulin [38.6 ppm]), no antibiotics (NA), or GLN fed for 14 d. On days 15 to 34, pigs were provided common antibiotic-free diets in 2 phases. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS 9.4. Day 14 BW and days 0 to 14 ADG were greater (P = 0.01) for A (5.6% and 18.5%, respectively) and GLN pigs (3.8% and 11.4%, respectively) compared with NA pigs, with no differences between A and GLN pigs. Days 0 to 14 ADFI increased for A (P < 0.04; 9.3%) compared with NA pigs; however, no differences were detected when comparing GLN with A and NA pigs. Once dietary treatments ceased, no differences (P > 0.05) in productivity between dietary treatments were detected. On day 13, plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was reduced (P = 0.02) in A (36.7 ± 6.9 pg/mL) and GLN pigs (40.9 ± 6.9 pg/mL) vs. NA pigs (63.2 ± 6.9 pg/mL). Aggressive behavior tended to be reduced overall (P = 0.09; 26.4%) in GLN compared with A pigs, but no differences were observed between A and GLN vs. NA pigs. Huddling, active, and eating/drinking behaviors were increased overall (P < 0.02; 179%, 37%, and 29%, respectively) in the spring replicate compared with the summer replicate. When hot carcass weight (HCW) was used as a covariate, loin depth and lean percentage were increased (P = 0.01; 4.0% and 1.1%, respectively) during the spring replicate compared with the summer replicate. In conclusion, GLN supplementation improved pig performance and health after weaning and transport similarly to A across replicates; however, the positive effects of A and GLN were diminished when dietary treatments ceased.
转自公众号：猪营养国际论坛
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